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Oh, gee.
Look at the sea.
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Beauty, eh?
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We all
feel like saltwater
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runs through our veins.
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Our legends are that we were
fished out of the ocean by
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00:00:59,309 --> 00:01:02,604
our warriors
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that first came
and found Niue.
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And that's how we came to be.
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The ocean is the life
force that made us,
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and made Niue.
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We owe our existence
to the ocean,
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and that's why we
fight to protect it.
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Niue is so small.
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It's 100 square miles.
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Geographically,
it's very unique.
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It's one island, one big rock
that sticks out of the ocean.
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Pushed up out of the
water by a volcano
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that we've never seen.
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And we call it
The Rock of Polynesia.
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A single
uplifted coral atoll,
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one of the largest in the world,
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it's a fantastic,
rugged little wild island
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I like to think of it.
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Being Niuean
is being part of a whole thing.
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It's being a part of land, part
of the sea, part of the people.
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It's the
respect for the oceans, for
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the things that sustain our
lives, and it's the respect to
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our forefathers, right?
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Oh, that's a good size.
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Those
true values that they taught us.
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We're so
blessed that we live in Niue.
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This is paradise.
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It's really important
for us to recognize it.
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We have one island.
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Here is all we got.
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I am one of
the endangered species of Niue
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that was born,
raised, and is still here.
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I truly feel like I won the
lottery, being born on this
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little rock in the
middle of the Pacific Ocean.
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What else?
What are you gonna eat, Reign?
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00:03:48,812 --> 00:03:50,313
What are you hoping
to find at the sea?
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00:03:56,069 --> 00:03:58,029
Oh, not many,
too many pigs swimming in the
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ocean today, buddy.
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I'm a scientist by profession,
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and I volunteer as the president
of a local nonprofit called
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Tofia Niue, which is focused on
sustainability of our ocean.
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We got a
couple of matapihus Mom.
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- Oh, did you?
- And an.
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From a survival
perspective, our lives are
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very much intertwined
with the environment.
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But the impacts of
climate change are robbing
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our children of their
inherent right to traditional
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knowledge and practice.
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So in 2016, we invited
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00:04:35,650 --> 00:04:37,778
National Geographic
Pristine Seas
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to help us document what
we have in the ocean to
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enable us to protect it
effectively for the future.
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I mean, this one too..
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00:04:47,162 --> 00:04:48,914
When we were here in 2016,
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Niue had been hammered pretty
bad from a couple previous
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storm events, so a lot
of the coral was gone,
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it was down to bare bedrock.
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And this
situation is not unique.
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Climate change, unregulated
fishing, and rapid development
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00:05:05,180 --> 00:05:09,142
are decimating crucial marine
ecosystems around the world.
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00:05:18,276 --> 00:05:20,904
The health of the ocean is
directly tied to the health of
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people, society, and culture.
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But we as humans are
putting ourselves at risk.
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Our seas generate half
the oxygen we breathe and
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contribute trillions of
dollars to the global economy
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each year.
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And only 8% of the ocean
is currently protected.
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00:05:42,509 --> 00:05:45,887
In 2008, Dr. Enric Sala at
National Geographic started
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Pristine Seas and
proposed the solution,
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Marine Protected Areas or MPAs,
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places where human
exploitation is banned.
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In 15 years, we've conducted
43 expeditions and
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helped create 27 MPAs
around the world.
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00:06:04,739 --> 00:06:07,158
However, we
can't do this alone.
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We team up with local partners
and governments to conduct
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scientific research, and
highlight the local knowledge
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that drives the protection
of vital places in the ocean.
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Not many people
get to dive under the ocean
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and see further out.
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So we went to every single
village and showed the video
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footage that was brought back
by the Pristine Seas team.
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The ability to showcase
that underwater taoga,
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the treasures of our country,
was such a turning point.
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And there was just an
overwhelming support
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from the oldest people in
the community to the youngest,
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that they wanted to keep
this treasure for the
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future generations of Niue.
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That was really the underpinning
of the 2016 decision
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00:07:06,968 --> 00:07:10,972
to make Moana Mahu
a conservation area.
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I have
the greatest honor and privilege
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to announce on behalf of the
Niue government, Tofia Niue,
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and the people of Niue,
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00:07:19,814 --> 00:07:26,696
our intentions to commit 40%
of our exclusive economic zone
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to be declared as a large-scale
marine protected area.
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Moana Mahu is
127,000 square kilometers.
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It covers an area of really
unique marine biodiversity
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in the world.
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These spaces of protection
and just letting nature do its
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thing are so critically
important and rising in value.
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Isn't that beautiful?
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This is a good sign of
health for the reef,
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for the coral reef,
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so we're gonna
leave this one here.
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I don't take these ones.
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It's really pretty.
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Oh, look at that one.
That's nice.
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Having Pristine Seas come
back to do a follow-up mission
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documents how things have
gone, it's just such an
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incredible part of being able
to work with stakeholders from
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across the world who wanna see
that these special places
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are there forever.
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Super excited
to be able to go back to Niue.
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We're doing a full-blown
repeat expedition with
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a lot more capabilities now
than we had before.
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It's always
the real exciting,
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kind of nervous,
kind of fun time
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where we're getting
everyone on the ship.
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Game on.
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Making sure
we have all of our gear to
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head out to sea for a month.
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Woo!
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The ship is amazing.
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It's very well-equipped
and super epic.
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Morning.
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We're
working with our local partners,
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Daren Monoa and JinNam, who will
be our guides as we survey
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the waters around Niue.
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They're
really good scientists,
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great observers
of nature, as well.
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This local knowledge
is so critical because,
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at the end of the day, it's
their resources that they need
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to manage and they
need to protect.
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Bye, everybody!
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- Bye!
- See you in Niue.
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This is for the benefit
of the Niuean people,
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for the persistence of their
culture,
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of their resources well
into the future.
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Any questions?
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So we're here
to complement, supplement, and
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00:10:06,689 --> 00:10:09,943
support those local efforts.
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Having
Pristine Seas come back now
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is fantastic.
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Hi.
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Hello.
Good day.
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Afternoon.
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The science and
the data is extremely important.
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Obviously, we need to be
able to, to demonstrate that
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locking up that area,
protecting it, is having
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a positive effect.
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Two, one will be the
scientific survey.
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Brendon Pasisi
is my brother, and he's
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a marine biologist by training,
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but he's also a
fisherman by practice
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so he's lived his
whole life in the ocean.
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We're still sending a
team to the Beveridge Reef?
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Yes.
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Beveridge Reef is
a sacred place.
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It's a little oasis in the
middle of nowhere, and that's
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probably one of the
reasons why it's still
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as pristine as possible.
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When I first started
spearfishing and, and diving,
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the water was clearer, the,
the coral cover was much more
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plentiful and vibrant.
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There was a lot
more fish life.
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And then we're also gonna
go in the submarine with...
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- Yes.
- That, right?
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00:11:25,101 --> 00:11:26,728
That's the beauty
of Beveridge Reef.
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It reminds me of what it was
like here on the island
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as a young lad.
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So how long does it
take to get there?
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I think it does about
eight to ten knots.
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00:11:35,278 --> 00:11:37,822
Hopefully, it's showing that
the work that we're doing,
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00:11:37,822 --> 00:11:38,990
closing that area,
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has really had a positive
impact on the reef itself.
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Thanks a lot, huh.
See you later.
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Thank you.
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00:12:03,598 --> 00:12:07,602
The Pristine Seas
ship will be greeted with
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00:12:07,602 --> 00:12:10,688
what is called the Takalo.
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The Takalo
is a war chant or war cry.
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It was motivation
for our warriors.
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00:12:31,668 --> 00:12:33,878
The Takalo
for Pristine Seas,
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we're trying just to showcase
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00:12:36,714 --> 00:12:39,592
how our ancestors
protected our land
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00:12:39,592 --> 00:12:43,262
back in the days, and
I hope we'll achieve that.
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00:13:11,541 --> 00:13:13,459
We just wanna
remind Pristine Seas that
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00:13:13,459 --> 00:13:15,253
this is Niue.
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00:13:15,253 --> 00:13:18,339
This is our land.
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00:13:20,008 --> 00:13:23,678
But they are welcome here to
help us protect our resources.
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It was intense.
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00:13:27,807 --> 00:13:31,352
But as it ends, the warriors
kind of part and there's the
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00:13:31,352 --> 00:13:33,146
Premier to greet us.
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And it
becomes this really gentle and
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00:13:41,154 --> 00:13:43,364
welcoming thing.
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Premier came.
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Minister Mona came.
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It was really a show of force
of the entire community that
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00:13:51,372 --> 00:13:54,542
the Niueans are really
passionate about conserving
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00:13:54,542 --> 00:13:56,836
this place and
doing the right thing.
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00:14:18,191 --> 00:14:20,026
So I've been here
a number of times
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00:14:20,026 --> 00:14:22,403
but for Molly,
Whitney, and Ryan,
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00:14:22,403 --> 00:14:24,614
it's their first trip to Niue.
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00:14:25,114 --> 00:14:26,657
I'm excited.
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00:14:26,657 --> 00:14:28,493
Molly is
a really great scientist and
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00:14:28,493 --> 00:14:30,578
to have her on the
team is fantastic.
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00:14:30,578 --> 00:14:32,163
Are
there spiders in here?
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00:14:32,163 --> 00:14:33,748
Don't worry.
We got you.
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00:14:33,748 --> 00:14:34,749
Thanks.
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00:14:35,374 --> 00:14:36,584
Ryan is
the expedition leader and he's
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00:14:36,834 --> 00:14:39,921
really the one who's making
sure the work gets done in
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00:14:39,921 --> 00:14:43,591
a safe and effective
manner as possible.
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00:14:44,926 --> 00:14:48,513
Whitney is a great scientist,
a really good naturalist.
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00:14:48,513 --> 00:14:51,432
She's been our
deep sea expert.
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00:14:51,432 --> 00:14:54,894
For me, it's a real thrill to
work with people like that.
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00:14:54,894 --> 00:14:56,145
Wow.
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00:14:56,145 --> 00:14:58,231
- And here you go.
- Look at that.
223
00:14:58,231 --> 00:15:00,483
Woo-hoo. We made it.
224
00:15:00,483 --> 00:15:02,401
- What?
- It's sick, huh?
225
00:15:02,401 --> 00:15:04,737
That is awesome.
226
00:15:04,737 --> 00:15:06,572
The whole
island has got amazing
227
00:15:06,572 --> 00:15:09,033
tide pools everywhere.
228
00:15:10,034 --> 00:15:13,579
It's crystal clear,
really vibrant blue water.
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00:15:16,749 --> 00:15:18,709
Hey, guys.
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00:15:18,709 --> 00:15:20,545
Sea snake.
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00:15:21,129 --> 00:15:24,423
Niue
has an endemic sea krait.
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00:15:25,508 --> 00:15:29,554
It has one of the most
venomous toxins on earth.
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00:15:30,263 --> 00:15:33,307
They're pretty
voracious predators.
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00:15:33,307 --> 00:15:36,936
They're perfectly adapted to
hunting in the coral reef.
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00:15:36,936 --> 00:15:38,437
They're a very special animal.
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00:15:38,437 --> 00:15:41,190
They're found
nowhere else on Earth.
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00:15:42,608 --> 00:15:46,112
We saw corals growing in just
a few feet of water and the
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00:15:46,112 --> 00:15:49,657
diversity of corals is really
vibrant and there's not many
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00:15:49,657 --> 00:15:52,910
places like that.
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00:15:55,329 --> 00:15:58,082
It's always
been a challenge looking after
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00:15:58,082 --> 00:16:01,669
the resources around the
immediate adjacent fringing
242
00:16:01,669 --> 00:16:03,671
reef of the island.
243
00:16:07,383 --> 00:16:09,927
Water is quite a fragile
resource really because the
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00:16:09,927 --> 00:16:12,972
island rises out of the deep,
eh, and it's surrounded by
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00:16:12,972 --> 00:16:15,308
very steep slopes and so
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00:16:15,308 --> 00:16:18,686
the actual habitat
is quite limited.
247
00:16:20,646 --> 00:16:24,275
Obviously, the impact of very
large storms can be some of
248
00:16:24,275 --> 00:16:27,945
the biggest threats
to our environment.
249
00:16:33,201 --> 00:16:35,411
It's five minutes to 6:00.
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00:16:35,411 --> 00:16:37,538
This is at, uh,.
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00:16:38,748 --> 00:16:42,627
As you can see,
it's just, uh, completely...
252
00:16:42,627 --> 00:16:44,962
Cyclone Heta
was a Category 5 cyclone that
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00:16:44,962 --> 00:16:48,049
hit us in 2004.
254
00:16:48,591 --> 00:16:52,303
There's the forest out there.
It's completely gutted.
255
00:16:53,054 --> 00:16:57,058
The waves scoured
all of our infrastructure
256
00:16:57,058 --> 00:17:00,144
off a whole side of the island.
257
00:17:03,481 --> 00:17:06,651
The impacts were shocking.
258
00:17:08,069 --> 00:17:11,530
You can see the whole coastline
has just been stripped,
259
00:17:11,530 --> 00:17:14,450
it's all like this.
260
00:17:15,701 --> 00:17:20,206
We lost our
only wharf, our only hospital.
261
00:17:20,206 --> 00:17:23,918
We lost our only museum.
262
00:17:24,669 --> 00:17:27,255
Gone forever.
263
00:17:28,089 --> 00:17:31,217
95% of our artifacts
were in that museum
264
00:17:33,261 --> 00:17:36,806
and can never be replaced.
265
00:17:40,935 --> 00:17:43,229
When you've got climate change
making what would've been a
266
00:17:43,229 --> 00:17:46,941
Category 2 cyclone,
a Category 4 cyclone,
267
00:17:46,941 --> 00:17:52,071
your ability to recover
is a huge challenge.
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00:17:55,950 --> 00:17:59,287
When Niue gets hit
by a big cyclone,
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00:17:59,578 --> 00:18:03,249
we go from 100% coral
coverage down to 2%,
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00:18:05,167 --> 00:18:08,879
because that's how
strong the waves are.
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00:18:12,091 --> 00:18:14,677
After Cyclone Heta, people
just couldn't fish and there
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00:18:14,677 --> 00:18:16,971
was nothing on land to eat
because everything had just
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00:18:16,971 --> 00:18:19,724
been blown away.
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00:18:21,017 --> 00:18:24,186
So when we get hit or an
important species dies,
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00:18:24,186 --> 00:18:27,523
then we need to harvest from
Beveridge Reef to replant
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00:18:27,523 --> 00:18:30,192
that species in Niue.
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00:19:00,514 --> 00:19:02,808
We had a
really great ceremony and
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00:19:02,808 --> 00:19:05,061
an awesome afternoon.
279
00:19:05,478 --> 00:19:08,105
But we have to turn it around
quickly to get to Beveridge
280
00:19:08,105 --> 00:19:11,525
because the forecast is
not promising for transit.
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00:19:14,570 --> 00:19:16,447
We're going on a trip.
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00:19:16,447 --> 00:19:18,366
See you later.
283
00:19:18,366 --> 00:19:21,410
We're about to leave Niue
and head up to Beveridge Reef.
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00:19:23,245 --> 00:19:26,916
It's 125 nautical
miles southeast of Niue.
285
00:19:27,833 --> 00:19:30,419
It's out in the
middle of nowhere.
286
00:19:30,711 --> 00:19:32,672
You're blown away
when you see it.
287
00:19:32,672 --> 00:19:33,881
Hey, we have to go.
288
00:19:33,881 --> 00:19:35,091
Got to go.
Got to go.
289
00:19:35,091 --> 00:19:36,634
We have to go now.
Let's go.
290
00:19:36,634 --> 00:19:37,843
Nam,
because you're late,
291
00:19:37,843 --> 00:19:39,512
you gotta swim out.
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00:19:42,181 --> 00:19:44,350
Hopefully we
can prove through the science
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00:19:44,350 --> 00:19:47,478
that there has been
that biodiversity uplift.
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00:19:48,020 --> 00:19:50,439
There's been a positive
change there as a result of
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00:19:50,439 --> 00:19:52,650
putting it under protection.
296
00:20:06,414 --> 00:20:09,458
This is
the Beveridge forecast.
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00:20:09,834 --> 00:20:14,213
We're starting to look at 17,
18 knots throughout the day
298
00:20:14,213 --> 00:20:17,633
by midnight on the 14th
it's blowing over 20.
299
00:20:17,633 --> 00:20:19,343
It's not gonna be flat.
300
00:20:19,343 --> 00:20:21,595
Right.
And we're bucking in, too.
301
00:20:21,595 --> 00:20:23,889
Because it's outta the
east so it's gonna be...
302
00:20:23,889 --> 00:20:26,225
Ryan Jenkinson] It's gonna
be a little run out there.
303
00:20:43,451 --> 00:20:46,120
It's critically
important that conservation
304
00:20:46,120 --> 00:20:49,582
doesn't come at a burden to
the communities because
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00:20:49,582 --> 00:20:51,750
we are ocean people.
306
00:20:51,750 --> 00:20:53,502
So, so much of our culture and,
307
00:20:53,502 --> 00:20:55,921
and tradition is
tied to the ocean.
308
00:20:56,881 --> 00:20:59,550
Everyone's
excited for Marine Day.
309
00:21:00,217 --> 00:21:05,014
That's pretty much a
big day for the village.
310
00:21:05,014 --> 00:21:08,184
My dad, not long ago,
caught a trophy fish and
311
00:21:08,184 --> 00:21:10,603
everyone's trying to
catch a trophy fish.
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00:21:15,149 --> 00:21:18,360
So, the fish are
biting early mornings now.
313
00:21:19,361 --> 00:21:23,407
So, they're trying to get into
the water before the fish.
314
00:21:25,117 --> 00:21:27,036
Bye, daddy.
We love you.
315
00:21:41,842 --> 00:21:44,553
- Okay, okay.
- Okay.
316
00:21:46,722 --> 00:21:49,433
Each village, they have their
own fishing holes,
317
00:21:49,433 --> 00:21:51,936
little fishing spot.
318
00:21:52,770 --> 00:21:57,191
Bluefin, wahoo,
yellowfin tuna, mahi-mahi.
319
00:21:58,984 --> 00:22:01,111
Did you catch any fish?
320
00:22:01,111 --> 00:22:06,158
WE got it off the wharf,
it's a trevally.
321
00:22:08,911 --> 00:22:11,288
It's a Polu Kulukulu
it's a Niuean name.
322
00:22:11,288 --> 00:22:12,915
It's a cod.
323
00:22:40,526 --> 00:22:42,903
There has been
a significant change in the
324
00:22:42,903 --> 00:22:46,532
cultural appreciation that
we have of the environment
325
00:22:46,532 --> 00:22:48,617
but also our culture.
326
00:22:52,454 --> 00:22:54,373
There's a big
revival to make sure that our
327
00:22:54,373 --> 00:22:57,543
kids speak Niuean,
practice the cultures,
328
00:22:57,543 --> 00:23:00,880
learn the traditions and
everything, which is wonderful.
329
00:23:01,171 --> 00:23:02,882
Wow.
330
00:23:06,969 --> 00:23:09,847
Our ancestors
were able to create an
331
00:23:09,847 --> 00:23:11,890
incredible life here.
332
00:23:13,017 --> 00:23:14,435
People fished.
333
00:23:14,435 --> 00:23:17,354
They respected the tides,
the winds, the stars.
334
00:23:17,354 --> 00:23:21,859
So, all of that is
a part of our DNA.
335
00:23:28,657 --> 00:23:30,492
The ocean is beautiful.
336
00:23:30,492 --> 00:23:33,037
You can't just lock
it up like a museum.
337
00:23:33,037 --> 00:23:35,080
People live there.
338
00:23:37,374 --> 00:23:41,086
So we have to provide the
sustainable livelihoods
339
00:23:41,086 --> 00:23:44,632
that reinforce ocean
protection for the long term.
340
00:24:06,070 --> 00:24:07,446
You know,
if there's somewhere that
341
00:24:07,446 --> 00:24:11,200
God lives, this is where He is.
342
00:24:14,244 --> 00:24:15,663
To the right, to the right.
343
00:24:15,663 --> 00:24:17,247
To the right.
344
00:24:17,247 --> 00:24:20,626
We've just arrived at the reef
and we feel the water calmed
345
00:24:20,626 --> 00:24:23,712
down as we entered into the
lee and now we're here in the
346
00:24:23,712 --> 00:24:26,298
wheelhouse helping the
captain here steer us in
347
00:24:26,298 --> 00:24:28,050
through the passage.
348
00:24:29,802 --> 00:24:31,011
It's an,
it's an honor to be here,
349
00:24:31,428 --> 00:24:33,305
so I can't wait until I can see
the reef, so it's, it's there in
350
00:24:33,305 --> 00:24:34,807
the distance.
351
00:24:36,100 --> 00:24:38,686
Good to
see my old friend again.
352
00:24:43,107 --> 00:24:45,734
It's blowing 30-plus knots now,
353
00:24:45,734 --> 00:24:48,779
but we are pretty
still inside here.
354
00:24:48,779 --> 00:24:51,657
That's fantastic
little refuge.
355
00:24:56,453 --> 00:24:58,539
Ah, we finally made
it to Beveridge Reef.
356
00:24:58,539 --> 00:25:00,582
It was not an easy journey.
357
00:25:00,582 --> 00:25:03,460
Um, was not smooth sailing,
358
00:25:03,460 --> 00:25:06,630
but all of our science
capabilities at Pristine Seas
359
00:25:06,630 --> 00:25:08,799
are gonna be out, deployed,
360
00:25:08,799 --> 00:25:11,510
and working, if the
weather holds for us.
361
00:25:13,053 --> 00:25:15,681
Our primary concern is working
with the communities that
362
00:25:15,681 --> 00:25:18,308
we're visiting, and making
sure they're getting what they
363
00:25:18,308 --> 00:25:19,977
want out of it.
364
00:25:19,977 --> 00:25:22,688
In terms of
key milestones for the project.
365
00:25:22,688 --> 00:25:25,524
After
our expedition in 2016,
366
00:25:25,524 --> 00:25:28,736
they declared 40% of their
exclusive economic zone
367
00:25:28,736 --> 00:25:30,446
off-limits to fishing around
368
00:25:30,446 --> 00:25:33,240
Beveridge Reef and
adjacent areas.
369
00:25:33,824 --> 00:25:37,453
But even remote places, there
are thousands and thousands of
370
00:25:37,453 --> 00:25:40,205
distant water fishing boats
out there, and sharks are a
371
00:25:40,205 --> 00:25:41,874
major target.
372
00:25:43,584 --> 00:25:45,794
The first
thing we do is gonna be to go
373
00:25:45,794 --> 00:25:48,005
look at the shipwreck.
374
00:25:48,005 --> 00:25:50,215
We're gonna see what we find.
375
00:25:50,215 --> 00:25:52,259
Last year,
we had an incident where a
376
00:25:52,259 --> 00:25:55,637
Taiwanese longline vessel
ran straight into the reef.
377
00:25:56,138 --> 00:25:58,557
Late May to
early June, we received a call
378
00:25:58,557 --> 00:26:00,559
from Taiwanese Fisheries Office,
379
00:26:00,559 --> 00:26:03,812
regarding one of their
vessels on our reef here.
380
00:26:04,855 --> 00:26:06,982
When they
actually arrived at the reef,
381
00:26:06,982 --> 00:26:10,360
the vessel was on
fire, suspiciously.
382
00:26:10,944 --> 00:26:14,531
When it first happened, it was
really sort of gut-wrenching,
383
00:26:15,991 --> 00:26:19,953
to think that we've done so
much to protect this for Niue.
384
00:26:31,799 --> 00:26:35,677
So we've, uh, just arrived
close to the location where
385
00:26:35,677 --> 00:26:38,931
the Taiwanese, uh,
fishing vessel went up.
386
00:26:38,931 --> 00:26:41,934
Um, so we are out here trying
to do a little bit of a
387
00:26:41,934 --> 00:26:45,270
reconnaissance, to see
what the impact has been
388
00:26:45,270 --> 00:26:46,939
to the reef.
389
00:27:01,370 --> 00:27:03,997
We were
able to spot where the propeller
390
00:27:03,997 --> 00:27:06,875
was, the anchor was
as well, and it's, um...
391
00:27:06,875 --> 00:27:09,336
it's not the best sight
to, to be honest.
392
00:27:14,258 --> 00:27:16,760
Well, we came across, uh,
393
00:27:16,760 --> 00:27:18,971
quite a big bundle
of wire tracers and
394
00:27:18,971 --> 00:27:22,683
these are primarily to
catch sharks for the fins.
395
00:27:23,851 --> 00:27:26,228
Sharks are illegal to catch.
396
00:27:26,228 --> 00:27:28,522
So we brought some of
those back with us.
397
00:27:28,522 --> 00:27:31,859
Good to, to
see that and document it,
398
00:27:31,859 --> 00:27:34,528
see what, what's left behind.
399
00:27:34,862 --> 00:27:38,240
I didn't
see anything leaking or...
400
00:27:38,615 --> 00:27:41,785
I think they, um,
just those engine parts there.
401
00:27:41,785 --> 00:27:42,828
Yeah.
402
00:27:43,245 --> 00:27:44,371
At the
moment, it looks like, yeah,
403
00:27:44,872 --> 00:27:48,041
most of the worst case of oils
and fuels and stuff like that,
404
00:27:48,041 --> 00:27:50,752
burnt off when it
was, uh, on fire.
405
00:27:51,336 --> 00:27:55,173
And now the coral, the algae,
and stuff is all starting to
406
00:27:55,173 --> 00:27:58,468
grow back and we've been
able to document that.
407
00:28:00,929 --> 00:28:05,058
Ultimately, the information
will help us explain why we
408
00:28:05,058 --> 00:28:08,812
need to put certain measures
in place to make sure that we
409
00:28:08,812 --> 00:28:11,815
keep the reef in as pristine
condition as possible,
410
00:28:11,815 --> 00:28:15,027
so that it, it continues
to have that resilience
411
00:28:15,027 --> 00:28:16,862
long into the future.
412
00:28:18,655 --> 00:28:22,534
It is maintaining what we like
to think of as our bank,
413
00:28:22,534 --> 00:28:25,454
our investment for the future.
414
00:28:29,249 --> 00:28:31,460
We wanna be
better informed about where
415
00:28:31,460 --> 00:28:34,171
we've come, to make sure
that into the future,
416
00:28:34,171 --> 00:28:37,174
we build some resilience,
417
00:28:37,841 --> 00:28:41,011
for that, we need
really solid data.
418
00:28:55,317 --> 00:28:58,362
We use
these myriad array of tools to
419
00:28:58,362 --> 00:29:02,115
try to paint as comprehensive
of an understanding of the
420
00:29:02,115 --> 00:29:04,993
ecosystem as we can.
421
00:29:09,247 --> 00:29:12,960
Since 2016, with my colleague,
Jess Cramp, from Sharks Pacific,
422
00:29:12,960 --> 00:29:14,878
we've been looking
at shark populations,
423
00:29:14,878 --> 00:29:19,007
and sharks in general globally
are in terrible shape.
424
00:29:21,718 --> 00:29:24,763
So we really wanted to
see what was out there.
425
00:29:32,688 --> 00:29:35,565
Places like Beveridge give us
windows into the past of what
426
00:29:35,565 --> 00:29:38,276
marine ecosystems are
like in the absence of
427
00:29:38,276 --> 00:29:40,946
human intervention.
428
00:29:44,324 --> 00:29:46,868
And what we have found
is they're dominated by
429
00:29:46,868 --> 00:29:49,997
top predators,
430
00:29:49,997 --> 00:29:53,166
sharks, jacks, groupers.
431
00:29:53,166 --> 00:29:56,044
It's called the inverted
biomass pyramid, where you
432
00:29:56,044 --> 00:29:58,922
have more predators than prey.
433
00:29:58,922 --> 00:30:01,049
Top predators, they're
consuming everything at
434
00:30:01,049 --> 00:30:02,884
the lower food levels.
435
00:30:02,884 --> 00:30:05,679
Everything's turning over much
faster, and as a result,
436
00:30:05,679 --> 00:30:08,098
the system becomes
more resilient.
437
00:30:08,098 --> 00:30:11,435
So, the fact that our footage
shows the potential for more
438
00:30:11,435 --> 00:30:15,647
sharks in Beveridge Reef now
than there were in 2016
439
00:30:15,647 --> 00:30:18,316
is an incredibly hopeful sign.
440
00:30:18,316 --> 00:30:21,403
This is what it's
supposed to be like.
441
00:30:22,738 --> 00:30:24,906
We need to protect
the whole ecosystem
442
00:30:24,906 --> 00:30:27,325
for it to function properly.
443
00:30:27,325 --> 00:30:30,245
Everything from the largest
animals in the ocean to the
444
00:30:30,245 --> 00:30:32,998
smallest animals
we can't even see.
445
00:30:42,257 --> 00:30:44,843
I'm
collecting water at the surface
446
00:30:44,843 --> 00:30:47,888
and hopefully, we will get
a variety of different
447
00:30:47,888 --> 00:30:52,726
organisms' DNA from
shedding of cells or
448
00:30:52,726 --> 00:30:55,395
from poop or stuff
in the water column.
449
00:30:58,774 --> 00:31:01,651
Anytime you wanna think about
conserving environment,
450
00:31:01,651 --> 00:31:04,863
one of the best metrics
to use is biodiversity,
451
00:31:04,863 --> 00:31:07,282
which is trying to figure out
how many organisms are
452
00:31:07,282 --> 00:31:09,242
in the environment.
453
00:31:09,618 --> 00:31:11,953
We have fish
divers counting fish.
454
00:31:11,953 --> 00:31:14,915
We have a benthic
ecologist counting the algae.
455
00:31:14,915 --> 00:31:17,375
We have a coral
person counting the coral.
456
00:31:17,375 --> 00:31:21,797
But 90% of the organisms
that live on a coral reef
457
00:31:21,797 --> 00:31:24,091
are things you can't see.
458
00:31:25,509 --> 00:31:29,554
So this crazy technique
that's fairly cutting edge
459
00:31:29,554 --> 00:31:32,140
is environmental DNA.
460
00:31:33,141 --> 00:31:37,020
I am taking water and
I'm filtering it for DNA.
461
00:31:38,063 --> 00:31:44,402
So the way you identify the DNA
is like going into a library.
462
00:31:44,402 --> 00:31:47,239
So think of a book as an
individual organism
463
00:31:47,239 --> 00:31:49,032
with a DNA code.
464
00:31:49,032 --> 00:31:52,410
We searched the library to
match the organisms with
465
00:31:52,410 --> 00:31:55,122
the books, so to speak.
466
00:31:55,914 --> 00:31:58,834
That's how we can figure
out what was in the area.
467
00:31:58,834 --> 00:32:01,628
It's pretty
fascinating and magical.
468
00:32:04,923 --> 00:32:08,426
Our climate and our environment
are changing rapidly.
469
00:32:10,095 --> 00:32:13,640
Through the E-DNA process,
we can actually compare
470
00:32:13,640 --> 00:32:16,309
diversity levels
across the globe,
471
00:32:16,309 --> 00:32:19,020
assess multiple organisms,
472
00:32:19,020 --> 00:32:22,274
and it adds a bigger
picture of this
473
00:32:22,274 --> 00:32:24,776
changing environment over time.
474
00:32:24,776 --> 00:32:26,862
There could be a canary in the
coal mine with some of these
475
00:32:26,862 --> 00:32:29,990
organisms that we
just don't know about.
476
00:32:47,883 --> 00:32:49,593
We've
been here at Beveridge for over
477
00:32:49,593 --> 00:32:52,429
a week, and we've
surveyed everything,
478
00:32:52,429 --> 00:32:56,641
from the shallowest waters to
the deepest depths of the ocean,
479
00:32:56,641 --> 00:33:00,145
and found incredibly
vibrant ecosystem.
480
00:33:08,695 --> 00:33:12,157
Seems like the scourge of
industrial fishing in so many
481
00:33:12,157 --> 00:33:13,950
other places around the world
482
00:33:13,950 --> 00:33:15,994
hasn't impacted Beveridge Reef,
483
00:33:15,994 --> 00:33:19,206
because we just see
so many sharks here,
484
00:33:21,082 --> 00:33:23,585
healthy reefs, big groupers.
485
00:33:24,920 --> 00:33:27,464
It shows that Niue has
really done an amazing job
486
00:33:27,464 --> 00:33:31,176
of protecting this
real gem of a place.
487
00:33:32,302 --> 00:33:35,138
Beveridge
Reef is very special.
488
00:33:36,097 --> 00:33:38,600
It's something that belongs
to us for many generations
489
00:33:38,600 --> 00:33:40,685
to come if we look
after it well.
490
00:33:43,021 --> 00:33:45,190
This whole journey
is still sinking in.
491
00:33:45,190 --> 00:33:46,316
Wow.
492
00:33:46,316 --> 00:33:47,734
It's just unreal.
493
00:33:47,734 --> 00:33:48,735
Woo!
494
00:33:51,863 --> 00:33:53,240
This
gives you hope and it gives you
495
00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:55,951
a snapshot what
nature could be like.
496
00:34:17,764 --> 00:34:19,432
There's a
fairly large storm front
497
00:34:19,432 --> 00:34:22,185
heading our way, and it's kind
of a mad scramble to get
498
00:34:22,185 --> 00:34:25,188
all of the boats
back onto the ship,
499
00:34:25,188 --> 00:34:26,606
so we can head back to Niue
500
00:34:26,606 --> 00:34:28,984
to continue working there.
501
00:34:28,984 --> 00:34:32,237
A little bit of a fire drill
getting ready for this storm
502
00:34:32,237 --> 00:34:34,406
that's approaching now.
503
00:34:39,744 --> 00:34:42,205
So we're gonna pull anchor,
slide out of the lagoon, and
504
00:34:42,205 --> 00:34:46,167
get to Niue before this
storm really hits this area.
505
00:35:03,143 --> 00:35:06,271
Tomorrow is our best weather
window of the whole time that
506
00:35:06,271 --> 00:35:08,523
we're here, so I really hope
it comes through,
507
00:35:08,523 --> 00:35:10,984
because of that, we have
a lot of stuff planned
508
00:35:10,984 --> 00:35:13,445
including the sub, hopefully.
509
00:35:19,743 --> 00:35:21,286
We have this amazing tool,
510
00:35:21,286 --> 00:35:24,706
three-person submersible that
goes down to 400 meters.
511
00:35:24,706 --> 00:35:26,499
It's a big acrylic sphere
512
00:35:26,499 --> 00:35:29,461
so you can see almost
360 degrees around.
513
00:35:31,921 --> 00:35:33,423
Is it done?
514
00:35:34,215 --> 00:35:36,634
It's an
amazing engagement opportunity
515
00:35:36,634 --> 00:35:39,554
because people get to go down
in the submarine, who would
516
00:35:39,554 --> 00:35:43,224
normally not get to go
underwater, to those depths.
517
00:35:44,184 --> 00:35:47,646
So Brendon Pasisi is the
first Niuean submariner.
518
00:35:51,107 --> 00:35:54,235
We're going to
Ridge and it was his father's
519
00:35:54,235 --> 00:35:56,446
favorite fishing spot.
520
00:35:56,446 --> 00:35:57,572
It was really meaningful.
521
00:35:57,572 --> 00:35:59,074
Okay copy that.
Okay it's good for you?
522
00:35:59,074 --> 00:36:00,200
Yeah.
523
00:36:00,200 --> 00:36:02,619
Really exciting.
524
00:36:02,619 --> 00:36:06,623
Just can't wait to get under
there now that I'm locked in.
525
00:36:10,919 --> 00:36:14,964
To actually go down and see
what the deep dropcam see,
526
00:36:15,340 --> 00:36:18,385
that's just
mind-blowing opportunity.
527
00:36:22,138 --> 00:36:24,724
Here we go.
528
00:36:25,392 --> 00:36:26,351
We're off.
529
00:36:26,935 --> 00:36:29,521
Okay, topsy, we can see the
slope, we can see the slope,
530
00:36:29,521 --> 00:36:31,106
whenever you're
ready for a set,
531
00:36:31,106 --> 00:36:33,274
we will be ready here.
532
00:36:33,274 --> 00:36:35,652
Oh, got a
whole lotta fish coming.
533
00:36:36,653 --> 00:36:40,740
It's like winning the lotto to
be able to get down here.
534
00:36:41,616 --> 00:36:44,911
Being a fourth-generation
fisherman all my life,
535
00:36:44,911 --> 00:36:47,747
not knowing what's down on
the bottom, you know,
536
00:36:47,747 --> 00:36:51,876
wondering why you catch fish in
some places and not in others.
537
00:36:52,460 --> 00:36:53,586
Oh, look at here.
538
00:36:53,586 --> 00:36:55,255
Oh, dogtooth tuna!
539
00:36:57,215 --> 00:36:58,800
Look at that. Two.
540
00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:00,427
It was
really special to be down
541
00:37:00,427 --> 00:37:01,928
there with Brendon.
542
00:37:01,928 --> 00:37:03,930
I'm learning from him and
getting his perspective.
543
00:37:03,930 --> 00:37:06,683
He's fished here his whole
life, but to see it from
544
00:37:06,683 --> 00:37:10,353
below, it shines a new light
on it for him, but gives me
545
00:37:10,353 --> 00:37:13,940
a different set of optics
than I would've had otherwise.
546
00:37:14,524 --> 00:37:16,985
Just tell by
the way they undulate,
547
00:37:16,985 --> 00:37:18,903
their movement.
548
00:37:21,531 --> 00:37:23,366
They're
able to go down in the submarine
549
00:37:23,366 --> 00:37:25,493
to places no one's ever seen.
550
00:37:25,493 --> 00:37:27,454
They're the first
ones down there.
551
00:37:27,454 --> 00:37:29,748
The whole thing, like a lot
of our expeditions,
552
00:37:29,748 --> 00:37:32,417
is really powerful.
553
00:37:33,168 --> 00:37:36,463
The submarine
dive was definitely a
554
00:37:36,463 --> 00:37:40,258
highlight of the expedition
and my life, to be honest.
555
00:37:40,258 --> 00:37:41,468
First ever.
556
00:37:41,468 --> 00:37:43,178
I'm so excited.
557
00:37:43,428 --> 00:37:48,224
It's 180 meters
and so far, it's super amazing.
558
00:37:48,224 --> 00:37:50,143
Wow.
559
00:37:50,143 --> 00:37:52,729
There's a school of
barracuda just in front of us.
560
00:37:54,147 --> 00:37:56,149
Just an
incredible opportunity to also
561
00:37:56,149 --> 00:37:59,861
take all of the Niuean people
with us down to see some of
562
00:37:59,861 --> 00:38:04,073
the most incredible taoga that
are under our guardianship.
563
00:38:05,241 --> 00:38:08,203
- Well, how was it?
- It was amazing.
564
00:38:08,203 --> 00:38:12,540
And from a cultural and
traditional perspective,
565
00:38:15,710 --> 00:38:19,172
my father's fished
these waters for years.
566
00:38:19,172 --> 00:38:22,008
And so to see that...
567
00:38:22,592 --> 00:38:26,721
to see the places that
he sustained our lives
568
00:38:26,721 --> 00:38:29,474
traditionally is amazing.
569
00:38:42,320 --> 00:38:43,947
We
are on the windward side
570
00:38:43,947 --> 00:38:46,407
of Niue Island.
571
00:38:46,783 --> 00:38:49,702
Cyclone Heta just totally
wiped this place clean.
572
00:38:49,702 --> 00:38:53,164
All the coral was scoured
down to the bare bedrock.
573
00:38:55,792 --> 00:38:57,836
It would be really interesting
to see how the corals
574
00:38:57,836 --> 00:39:00,296
have come back.
575
00:39:04,300 --> 00:39:06,469
The conditions are
perfect for this place.
576
00:39:06,719 --> 00:39:09,472
You can just see forever.
577
00:39:10,139 --> 00:39:12,517
There's a lot of baby corals
and pretty good diversity of
578
00:39:12,517 --> 00:39:14,894
corals as well, so it looks
like the reef's starting to
579
00:39:14,894 --> 00:39:17,313
come back a little bit.
580
00:39:21,568 --> 00:39:23,903
We're down there counting
fish, measuring corals,
581
00:39:24,362 --> 00:39:28,491
and then you hear
this eerie sound.
582
00:39:30,868 --> 00:39:32,203
It's on the other side
now down there, right there.
583
00:39:32,203 --> 00:39:34,789
Yup. You can see it.
584
00:39:38,084 --> 00:39:42,046
Having the
amazing opportunity to just
585
00:39:42,046 --> 00:39:45,884
encounter a mother and calf
humpback whale and another
586
00:39:45,884 --> 00:39:49,596
male humpback whale
in the water,
587
00:39:49,929 --> 00:39:54,267
that I think will remain
with me for a very long time.
588
00:39:57,729 --> 00:39:59,480
Niue is
an amazing place for
589
00:39:59,480 --> 00:40:01,524
humpback whales.
590
00:40:04,444 --> 00:40:06,863
They migrate all the way
from Antarctica over
591
00:40:06,863 --> 00:40:11,534
5,000 kilometers to give
birth and mate in Niue.
592
00:40:14,912 --> 00:40:17,957
You see males singing, looking
for mating opportunities.
593
00:40:20,335 --> 00:40:23,129
You see mothers and calves.
594
00:40:28,301 --> 00:40:30,303
Whoo!
595
00:40:42,023 --> 00:40:44,525
Nature is amazing.
596
00:41:10,134 --> 00:41:11,803
Oh, my goodness.
597
00:41:11,803 --> 00:41:14,305
Tonight is super exciting.
598
00:41:14,305 --> 00:41:19,310
The final event with the
National Geographic expedition.
599
00:41:20,311 --> 00:41:23,856
Niue is one
of the best examples of how
600
00:41:23,856 --> 00:41:26,984
marine conservation does not
necessarily mean you don't
601
00:41:26,984 --> 00:41:31,489
have access to fishing and
resources for your community.
602
00:41:34,242 --> 00:41:37,745
They really are the global
leader in marine conservation
603
00:41:37,745 --> 00:41:39,455
and long-term planning.
604
00:41:39,455 --> 00:41:42,125
And we feel really
lucky to be part of that.
605
00:41:44,293 --> 00:41:46,838
And I'm very proud to
say, "I am Niuean."
606
00:41:46,838 --> 00:41:49,465
And they all say, "Oh, you're
the people who had the
607
00:41:49,465 --> 00:41:53,177
40% EEZ committed
to conservation?"
608
00:41:53,177 --> 00:41:55,722
I'm like, "Yup, that's us."
609
00:41:56,264 --> 00:41:58,599
Niue is an
incredible place on Earth and
610
00:41:58,599 --> 00:42:02,061
we are so humbled as her
inhabitants, but we owe it
611
00:42:02,061 --> 00:42:04,480
to the future generations
to make sure that
612
00:42:04,480 --> 00:42:07,984
this great country,
its resources, and assets
613
00:42:07,984 --> 00:42:11,779
in the ocean are here
for generations to come.
614
00:42:25,752 --> 00:42:29,797
I am in New York City.
I'm here for Climate Week.
615
00:42:29,797 --> 00:42:32,508
The UN General
Assembly is meeting.
616
00:42:32,508 --> 00:42:35,636
We have to be here if we
want our voices heard.
617
00:42:36,596 --> 00:42:39,390
This is the culmination
of eight years of work in
618
00:42:39,390 --> 00:42:42,560
establishing, uh, Moana Mahu
619
00:42:42,560 --> 00:42:45,062
and doing all the
scientific assessment and
620
00:42:45,062 --> 00:42:47,565
consultation with communities.
621
00:42:48,232 --> 00:42:52,153
We are here to launch the
Niue Ocean Wide Trust
622
00:42:52,153 --> 00:42:56,532
that will raise the necessary
funds to help set up something
623
00:42:56,532 --> 00:42:59,494
that will last
forever hopefully.
624
00:43:01,579 --> 00:43:04,207
We want people to understand
that we are making this
625
00:43:04,207 --> 00:43:06,459
commitment as a small country,
626
00:43:06,459 --> 00:43:08,419
so other countries
need to make some
627
00:43:08,419 --> 00:43:12,548
serious commitments to scaling
up investment in protection.
628
00:43:19,931 --> 00:43:23,184
If we
look after what we have now,
629
00:43:23,184 --> 00:43:27,146
there'll be so much more for
the future, a healthy reef,
630
00:43:27,146 --> 00:43:31,567
a lot of fish, and a
thriving environment
631
00:43:31,567 --> 00:43:34,278
where everything
is just full of life.
632
00:43:37,532 --> 00:43:39,867
We need
to maintain sustainability,
633
00:43:39,867 --> 00:43:42,370
hopefully build climate
resilience as well because
634
00:43:42,370 --> 00:43:44,163
we know that's coming.
635
00:43:44,705 --> 00:43:47,166
It has to work.
We can't fail.
636
00:43:49,126 --> 00:43:51,087
What
we're doing here, it's not only
637
00:43:51,087 --> 00:43:53,381
for Niueans, here.
638
00:43:53,381 --> 00:43:58,302
But we're showing to the rest of
the world that it can be done.
639
00:44:00,847 --> 00:44:04,100
Yes, we are small, but
we're showing the way.
640
00:44:20,283 --> 00:44:21,826
Captioned by
Cotter Media Group.